Beginners Guide to Solaris 11 Network Administration
Network configuration in Oracle Solaris 11 has changed significantly from how you configured the network in Oracle Solaris 10. In addition, Oracle Solaris 11 supports several new networking features, including some key network virtualization technologies.
Network Administration Commands
Use the following commands for persistent network configuration in Oracle Solaris 11:
- ipadm: Creates persistent configuration of interfaces, addresses, and TCP/IP properties. This command replaces the ifconfig command that is used in Oracle Solaris 10.
- dladm: Manages datalink configuration. This command replaces the ndd command and the drive.conf file that are used in Oracle Solaris 10 for configuration of certain network parameters.
- route: Configures persistent routes. This command replaces the /etc/defaultrouter file that is used in Oracle Solaris 10 to manage a system route configuration.
Comparing Network Administration Commands (Solaris 10 V/s Solaris 11)
| Task | Oracle Solaris 10 | Oracle Solaris 11 |
|---|---|---|
| Datalink configuration | dladm command | dladm command |
| IP interface and IP address configuration | ifconfig command and Edit the /etc/hostname* file. | ipadm command |
| System host name configuration | Edit the /etc/nodename file. | hostname command |
| TCP/IP host name configuration | Edit the /etc/inet/hosts file. | Edit the /etc/inet/hosts file. |
| Network parameter administration | ndd command | ipadm command dladm command |
| Wireless network configuration | wificonfig command | dladm command |
| Drive configuration | ndd command and Edit the /etc/driver.conf file. | Set dladm properties. Configure driver-private properties. |
Administering Datalinks
Determine the state of physical network interfaces:
# dladm show-phys LINK MEDIA STATE SPEED DUPLEX DEVICE net1 Ethernet unknown 1000 full e1000g1 net2 Ethernet unknown 1000 full e1000g2g net0 Ethernet up 1000 full e1000g0 net3 Ethernet unknown 1000 full e1000g3
Determine the state of each network link:
# dladm show-link LINK CLASS MTU STATE OVER net1 phys 1500 unknown -- net2 phys 1500 unknown -- net0 phys 1500 up -- net3 phys 1500 unknown --
Configuring IP Interfaces and IP Addresses
1. Configure a static network interface:
# ipadm create-ip net0 # ipadm create-addr –T static –a local=192.168.0.112/24 net0 net0/v4
2. Configure an interface with DHCP:
# ipadm create-ip net1 # ipadm create-addr –T dhcp net1/dhcpaddr net1/dhcpaddr
3. Display interface information:
# ipadm interface # ipadm show-if # ipadm show-addr
Configuring Persistent Routes
You use the route command to manually manipulate the network routing tables. The use of the –p option with the route command makes the changes persistent across reboots. You cannot manage routes by using the /etc/defaultrouter file because it is deprecated in Oracle Solaris 11.
1. Add a persistent route to a system:
# route –p add default ip-address
2. View all the persistent static routes:
# route –p show
3. Display the currently active routes on a system:
# netstat –rn
Configuring Reactive Profiles
You use the “netadm list” command to display all profile information, including which profiles are active, even if the currently active profile is DefaultFixed and you are using fixed network configuration. It is the only command that you can use to determine which profile is active on a system. Also, you use the netadm list command to check which profile is active after an installation.
You use the “netcfg” command to create new profiles and customize them, and you use the netadm command to display information about existing profiles and to manage user-defined profiles.
The network profile and configuration object types are:
- Network Configuration Profiles (NCPs): An NCP specifies the configuration of network links and interfaces. There are two types of NCPs:
- Automatic NCP: It is a system-defined profile that is made up of one link NCU and one interface NCU for each physical link that is present of the system. The content of the Automatic NCP changes if network devices are added or removed.
- User-defined NCPs: They are profiles that you create to meet the needs of your particular network configuration. A user-defined NCP can be modified and removed by the user.
- Network Configuration Units (NCUs): They are the individual configuration objects (or profiles) that contain all of the properties that define an NCP. Each NCU represents a physical link or an interface and contains properties that define the configuration for that link or interface.
- Location Profiles: It is one of the two primary profile types that define the system’s network configuration and specifies the systemwide network configuration (for example, the naming services, domain, IP Filter, and IPsec configuration). There are both system- and user-defined locations.
1. List all profiles and their state:
# netadm list
2. List system-defined and user-defined profiles:
# netcfg list
3. Create an NCP and NCU:
# netcfg netcfg> create ncp oracle_profile netcfg:ncp:oracle_profile> create ncu phys net0
4. Enable a profile:
# netadm enable -p loc geeklab # netadm enable -p ncp oracle_profile
5. Create an NCP and NCU:
# netcfg netcfg> create ncp oracle_profile netcfg:ncp:oracle_profile> create ncu phys net0 Created ncu 'net0'. Walking properties ... ...
6. Create a location profile:
# netcfg netcfg> create loc User Created loc 'User'. Walking properties ... ...
7. Enable a profile:
# netadm enable -p loc geeklab # netadm enable -p ncp oracle_profile
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